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孔子說(shuō)：“學(xué)而不思則罔；思而不學(xué)則殆�！币馑际侵�，如果學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)本知識(shí)而不思考，就會(huì)不辨真?zhèn)�，更不能融�?huì)貫通，學(xué)以致用；如果只是苦思冥想?yún)s不認(rèn)真讀書(shū)，就會(huì)孤陋寡聞，才疏學(xué)淺，更不能做到博見(jiàn)約取，標(biāo)新立異。
Confucius said, "learning without thinking is useless; thinking without learning is perilous." That is to say, if we study book knowledge without thinking, we will not distinguish the truth from the false, we will not be able to integrate and apply what we have learned; if we just think hard but don't study hard, we will be ignorant, lack of talent and learning, we will not be able to achieve broad-minded engagement and innovation.
孔子的這兩句話(huà)闡明了學(xué)習(xí)與思考的辯證關(guān)系。
These two sentences of Confucius illustrate the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking.
學(xué)習(xí)與思考是人們?cè)讷@取知識(shí)過(guò)程中，兩個(gè)相輔相成，密不可分的思維活動(dòng)。只學(xué)習(xí)不思考不行，只思考不學(xué)習(xí)也不行。只有將二者正確地結(jié)合起來(lái)，才算真正懂得了學(xué)習(xí)與思考的辯證關(guān)系。
Learning and thinking are two complementary and inseparable thinking activities in the process of acquiring knowledge. It's no use learning without thinking. It's no use thinking without learning. Only by combining them correctly can we truly understand the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking.
這里所說(shuō)的學(xué)習(xí)，主要指從書(shū)本上汲取間接經(jīng)驗(yàn)。古今中外，凡成大學(xué)問(wèn)者，無(wú)一不是博覽群書(shū)，讀破萬(wàn)卷的'。人非生而知之，只有不斷學(xué)習(xí)前人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、成果，充實(shí)自己的頭腦，才能進(jìn)一步有所發(fā)現(xiàn)，有所創(chuàng)造。革命導(dǎo)師馬克思為了完成資本論這一巨著，曾在大英博物館潛心研究，留下了深深的足跡。可見(jiàn)認(rèn)真讀書(shū)是成才所不可缺少的。要勤于學(xué)習(xí)，必須博覽熟記，持之以恒。魯迅先生說(shuō)：讀書(shū)“必須如蜜蜂一樣，采過(guò)許多花，才能釀出蜜來(lái)，倘若叮在一處，所得就非常有限，枯燥了”。另外，學(xué)習(xí)還要持之以恒，要“戒怠荒，戒無(wú)恒，戒躁急，戒泛雜”，只有這樣，才能學(xué)有所成。
Learning here mainly refers to learning indirect experience from books. At all times and in all over the world, all those who have become university inquirers are those who have read a wide range of books and broken thousands of volumes. People are not born to know. Only by constantly learning from the experience and achievements of predecessors and enriching their minds can we further discover and create. In order to complete the great work of capital, Marx, the revolutionary mentor, devoted himself to the study in the British Museum and left a deep footprint. It can be seen that serious reading is indispensable for success. To be diligent in learning, we must read, memorize and persevere. Lu Xun said: reading "must be like a bee, picking many flowers to make honey. If you sting in one place, your income will be very limited and boring.". In addition, we should persist in learning and "abstain from idleness, lack of perseverance, restlessness and miscellaneous". Only in this way can we learn something.
然而，學(xué)習(xí)本身并非目的，學(xué)會(huì)舉一反三，靈活運(yùn)用知識(shí)才是真正的目的。為此，就必須發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)性，進(jìn)行積極、認(rèn)真的思考，弄清知識(shí)的來(lái)龍去脈以及知識(shí)的有機(jī)聯(lián)系。如果學(xué)到的東西不經(jīng)頭腦加工，就好比吃下的食物未經(jīng)口腔咀嚼、腸胃消化，即便是美味佳肴，也不會(huì)被身體吸取一樣，非但無(wú)益，反而有害。法國(guó)作家伏爾泰對(duì)此有著十分精辟的論述，他說(shuō)：“書(shū)讀得越多而不加思考，你就會(huì)覺(jué)得你知道得很多。而當(dāng)你讀書(shū)思考得越多的時(shí)候，你就會(huì)清楚地看到你知道得還很少�！笨梢�(jiàn)善于思考是多么重要！
However, learning is not an end in itself. Learning to draw inferences from one instance and flexibly use knowledge is the real purpose. Therefore, we must give full play to our subjective initiative, think actively and seriously, and make clear the origin and development of knowledge and the organic connection of knowledge. If you learn something without brain processing, it's like eating food without mouth chewing and stomach digestion. Even delicious food will not be absorbed by the body. It's not beneficial, but harmful. Voltaire, the French writer, has a very incisive discussion on this. He said: "the more books you read without thinking, you will feel that you know a lot. And the more you read and think, the less you know. " It can be seen how important it is to be good at thinking!
要善于思考，需要有蜜蜂釀蜜的精神。每一克甜美的蜂蜜不知凝聚了那小生命的多少的心血。思考也需要我們下苦功夫，以“打破沙鍋問(wèn)到底”的探索精神去鉆研，切不可不懂裝懂，淺嘗輒止。
To be good at thinking, we need the spirit of bees making honey. Each gram of sweet honey did not know how much of the little life's hard work it gathered. Thinking also requires us to work hard, to "break the casserole to the end" of the spirit of exploration to study, must not pretend to understand, shallow taste.
學(xué)習(xí)是思考的基礎(chǔ)，思考是學(xué)習(xí)的升華。在學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)上思考，思考才能深入；在思考的前提下學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)才有效果。同時(shí)對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)必須結(jié)合實(shí)際反復(fù)運(yùn)用，知識(shí)才能鞏固，技能才可純熟，這就是我們掌握知識(shí)的必由之路。
Learning is the basis of thinking and thinking is the sublimation of learning. On the basis of learning, thinking can be in-depth; on the premise of thinking, learning can be effective. At the same time, the knowledge we have learned must be combined with practice and repeatedly used, so that knowledge can be consolidated and skills can be proficient. This is the only way for us to master knowledge.
愿我們大家都能勤于學(xué)習(xí)，善于思考，去勇敢地攀登科學(xué)知識(shí)之顛。
I hope that all of us can be diligent in learning, good at thinking and brave to climb the summit of scientific knowledge.
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